New Program Makes Faculty and Students International Research Partners
Laura Paisley
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The next chapter of Richter research at 色界吧 allows students to engage closely with faculty as research partners and mentees during intensive international field study.
As she stood in the humidity of the Mexican jungle, facing the mural of the woman with the blue hair, Natalia Guerra 鈥20 knew she had seen her before somewhere. Painted on the wall of an indigenous school she was visiting, it suddenly clicked: a professor back at Occidental had shown a photo of that very mural in a classroom lesson on the Zapatista movement.
鈥淭o understand it anew in that depth and proximity was so special,鈥 she says.
For 50 years, the Richter Research program at Occidental has been funding immersive student research and creative projects across the globe. To honor this year鈥檚 golden anniversary, the International Programs Office and their faculty advisory committee wanted to innovate.
鈥淥ur goal was to create a new opportunity that is both mutually beneficial to the faculty鈥檚 scholarly or creative trajectory and the students鈥 continued academic development and intellectual curiosity,鈥 says Associate Director of International Programs Julie Santos.
This summer, faculty members Darren Larsen of geology, Alexandra Puerto of history and Amber Stubler of biology each took a group of three student collaborators to Iceland, Mexico and Jamaica, respectively, for two to three weeks of hands-on research. Students explored questions related to their professor鈥檚 expertise and their own courses of study鈥攁 unique opportunity for them to work at a level normally reserved for graduate students.
鈥淚 felt more intellectual curiosity during this three-week span than I probably have in my whole 色界吧 career,鈥 says Guerra, a Critical Theory & Social Justice major who traveled to Mexico.
Each trip required advance preparation by the students, whether an intensive workshop, preparatory readings or ocean diving certifications. But the most concentrated learning took place in the field as they fully immersed themselves in their subjects, learning from鈥攁nd with鈥攖heir faculty guides. (Story continues below)
Hannah Hoefs has discovered a love of scientific diving and a home in the marine biology program at 色界吧. This summer she spent three weeks in Jamaica with one of her professors, surveying coral reef growth and recovery.
Critical Theory & Social Justice major Natalia Guerra has explored social justice dimensions in the Netherlands and Chiapas, Mexico, making the most of 色界吧’s opportunities to learn about the world in an active, global context.
Geology major Ian Van Dusen is always seeking hands-on opportunities to learn and do research. And to him, the traditional classroom only takes you so far.
In the remote central highlands of Iceland, soil erosion has been occurring at an exponential rate in recent centuries. Assistant Professor Larsen is trying to find out why.
Larsen鈥檚 research looks at how climate variability has played out over the past 10,000 years and how the Arctic region has responded to modern climate change. He focuses on sedimentary systems, the primary archive available to scientists to understand past environments. Since Iceland has only been inhabited by humans since 871, it鈥檚 also a unique place to study the impact of human activities.
鈥淚 find it very important for students to understand where scientific data comes from, and that鈥檚 all about going out to the field and actually getting your hands dirty,鈥 Larsen says.
His team, which included Ian Van Dusen 鈥20, Lori Berberian 鈥20 and Yiming Zhang 鈥19, spent 18 days in July gathering data and camping in tents beneath the midnight sun. They sampled sediment accumulations from lake beds and the rocky landscape between the Langj枚kull and Hofsj枚kull icecaps. They are analyzing the samples to create a chronology that will illuminate rates of erosion since the last Ice Age.
鈥淭he Richter isn鈥檛 just a 鈥榦ne and done鈥 type of experience,鈥 Larsen explains. 鈥淢y students will be working on this research throughout the year, and two are using it as the basis for their senior comps.鈥
Berberian counts herself fortunate to have access to 鈥渦nparalleled鈥 opportunities for geology research at 色界吧, both locally and abroad. This was her second trip to Iceland, and back on campus, she was excited to talk about her work.
鈥淭his summer, I propelled my project to its final stages, then got to share my findings at 色界吧 during the URC Summer Research Conference.鈥 (Story continues below)
Yiming Zang '19 and Ian Van Dusen '20 stand next to a rofobard, a land feature showing the effects of long-term (wind or aeolian) erosion in the Central Highlands of Iceland.
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Van Dusen and Lori Berberian '20 prepare equipment at their campsite on the shore of Isholsvatn Lake, North Iceland.
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Soil excavation and sampling from a rofobard land formation helps characterize changes within the soil profile over time. Purple lupines and eroded landscapes in the distance are also visible.
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Professor Larsen holding a lake core containing a ~10,000-year-old record of sedimentation in Galtabol Lake, North Iceland.
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Professor Larsen, Berberian and Van Dusen at 色界吧's Summer Research Conference in August, where the students presented their findings from Iceland.
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Beautiful underwater scene at one of the dive sites in Jamaica.
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From left: Hannah Hoefs '20, Skylar Wuelfing '21, Sarah Ashey '20 and dive safety officer Oniel Holder.
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Sarah Ashey attaches a terra cotta tile to the reef for data collection purposes.
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Hannah Hoefs on a dive at one of the data collection sites.
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From left, Hoefs, Wuelfing, Ashey and Professor Stubler pose at the Discovery Bay Marine Lab in Jamaica.
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A view from a street in San Crist贸bal de las Casas.
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The iconic mural of the woman with the blue hair that Natalia Guerra '20 recognized from her classroom studies at 色界吧. Painted on the wall of a Zapatista primary school in the village of Oventik.
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"Democracy in education, freedom in education, justice in education." A school building in a longstanding Zapatista "caracol," or community.
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A classroom for autonomous, indigenous education in a newly added Zapatista territory.
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Professor Puerto, Natalia Guerra '20, Xiomara Rodriguez '20 and Julia Viola Tello '21 pose in San Crist贸bal.
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Photos courtesy of Lori Berberian, Amber Stubler, Natalia Guerra and Alexandra Puerto.
Community Health and Maya Liberation in Mexico
After a three-hour drive from San Crist贸bal de las Casas on a mountainous two-lane road, you鈥檒l find Hospital San Carlos at the entrance to the Lacandon Jungle of Chiapas. Founded in 1969 by Bishop Samuel Ruiz Garc铆a, the hospital serves the region鈥檚 indigenous Maya population.
A historian of 20th-century Mexico, Associate Professor Puerto studies the cultural history of medicine, health and the body. Since 2014 she has been researching the hospital, a hub for not just healthcare, but community and political organizing, playing an important role in the Maya liberation movement. This was the interdisciplinary theme of this summer鈥檚 research.
Puerto brought three students to Chiapas: Guerra, history major Julia Viola Tello 鈥21 and computer science major Xiomara Rodriguez 鈥20. Each student chose a sub-topic relevant to their major.
鈥淎ll of us have different approaches and perspectives to this project,鈥 Guerra says. 鈥淢y connection was my family鈥檚 roots in indigenous culture in Peru. I was so happy to find the space to do my own research about the liberation of indigenous communities.鈥
Guerra explored autonomous education in indigenous communities while Rodriguez looked at how Maya communities used technology in the 1990s to organize politically and Tello focused on indigenous healing practices and midwifery.
The projects were rooted in archival research, sifting through thousands of documents, as well as oral history. Puerto took the students on relevant field trips on the weekends, and the group also worked closely with three local institutional partners that offered invaluable intellectual and logistical support.
鈥淚 was so pleased for the students to see the themes of health, education and liberation in the archive and then link that to every experiential activity we had,鈥 Puerto says.
She adds that, on the last night, all three students said the trip had been the highlight of their trajectory at 色界吧.
鈥淚t has been for me, too,鈥 Puerto says. 鈥淏eing engaged with the students that way was the first time that I was fully embodied as a teacher-scholar. I have no doubt that I鈥檓 a better historian and instructor from this experience.鈥
Changing coral reef communities in Jamaica
It鈥檚 pretty rare to encounter an all-female team of marine biology researchers. It鈥檚 also rare to have a long-term data set to track coral reef dynamics. Assistant Professor Stubler and her students, Hannah Hoefs 鈥20, Sarah Ashey 鈥20 and Skylar Wuelfing 鈥21, brought all this to the table and more during their trip to Jamaica.
As a Ph.D. student 10 years ago, Stubler initiated a long-term monitoring project among the coral reefs off the island.
鈥淚t鈥檚 a great opportunity because I鈥檓 still at the start of my career with this really long data set, so I鈥檒l have so many potential projects that my students can be involved with as it continues on,鈥 she says.
Thus far, 180 terra cotta tiles have been screwed into the reef at several sites, providing a desirable place for coral larvae to reproduce and grow. Stubler explains that it鈥檚 easy to see how many baby corals are produced each year, but it鈥檚 less clear whether they鈥檙e actually growing to maturity, since recovery on the reefs in general is mixed.
Over three weeks, the researchers spent nearly 40 hours underwater, photographing and measuring coral formations. Diving is physically challenging, and sometimes stressful, and the students had to complete rigorous AAUS diving certifications prior to the trip. But Stubler says the experience enhanced their sense of independence and growth as scientists, and made it possible for them to be impressive ambassadors for female scientists in a country where that isn鈥檛 the norm.
Hoefs says she has a new appreciation for how science actually gets done in the field.
鈥淧rofessor Stubler has been doing this for years, so it was really amazing to be able to work with her and see what goes into planning and carrying out an international research trip.鈥
It was also special for students to have buy-in on the project, Stubler adds, and be able to brainstorm and problem-solve on the spot as a group.
鈥淭hat鈥檚 how field work is鈥攊t breaks the boundaries of who鈥檚 the professor and who鈥檚 the student and it makes you a collaborative team. It was an excellent experience for them, and it was even more rewarding for me to share what it鈥檚 like to do field research.鈥
